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One out of every three people with kidney failure is African- American, compared to only one in eight in the general population. When a person's kidneys are working at only 5 to 10 percent of normal, he or she must have regular dialysis treatments or a kidney transplant in order to live. Kidneys perform many vital functions including filtering waste products from the blood, controlling fluid balance, regulating blood pressure and stimulating red blood cell production. High blood pressure and diabetes are the leading causes of kidney failure. African-Americans, for reasons we don't entirely understand, are at high risk for both of these conditions. High blood pressure, also called hypertension, often doesn't have any obvious symptoms. That's why it's important to have regular medical check- ups and have your blood pressure checked often, even if you feel well. Diabetes symptoms include thirst, passing more urine than usual, hunger, unintended weight loss and fatigue. However, diabetes also sometimes has no symptoms. This is another reason why checkups are important. Fortunately, you can help prevent both diabetes and hypertension and their complications if you eat a low-fat, low-salt diet, exercise regularly, limit alcohol intake and don't smoke. If you have either diabetes or high blood pressure, take your prescribed medication and monitor your condition often.
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